eng Enviro Research Publishers Current Agriculture Research Journal 2347-4688 2321-9971 2020-08-27 8 2 152 156 8895 article Moola Ram 1 Agricultural Research Station, Mandor, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India An experiment on sesame intercropping system was conducted during kharif (rainy) season of 2017 on sandy loam soil (8.72 pH, 0.88 EC dS m^-1), with low nitrogen (137 kg N ha^-1), medium phosphorus (14.4 kg ha^-1) and high potassium content (357 kg ha^-1) at Agricultural Research Station, Mandor, Jodhpur in randomized block design with 3 replications. Among 7 treatments (T1 – Sole sesame, T2 – Sesame + Urdbean in 3:1, T3 – Sesame + Urdbean in 4:2, T4 – Sesame + Mungbean in 3:1, T5 – Sesame + Mungbean in 4:2, T6 – Sesame + Mothbean in 3:1, T7 – Sesame + Mothbean in 4:2 row ratio), it was found that intercropping of sesame with mungbean in ratio 3:1 resulted significantly higher total productivity and net returns (541 kg ha^-1 & Rs. 18270 ha^-1) over sole sesame crop (344 kg ha^-1 & Rs. 6156 ha^-1) followed by mungbean in 4:2 (490 kg ha^-1 with net return of Rs. 15164 ha^-1) being at par with urdbean in 3:1 (473 kg ha^-1 with net return of Rs. 14078 ha^-1). It was concluded that mungbean can be grown as a beneficial intercrop in sesame under dryland conditions of Rajasthan. http://www.agriculturejournal.org/volume8number2/effect-of-intercropping-on-productivity-and-profitability-of-sesame-under-dryland-arid-conditions/ Arid Zone; Equivalent Yield; Intercropping; Mungbean; Risk; Sesame