A Review on Quantum-Enhanced Deep Learning Frameworks for Reliable Plant Disease Detection

Usikela Naresh^*and Thota Bhaskar Reddy

Department of Computer Science and Technology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India

Corresponding Author E-mail: usikelanaresh@gmail.com

DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CARJ.13.3.3

Article Publishing History

Received: 21 Oct 2025
Accepted: 03 Dec 2025
Published Online: 15 Dec 2025

Review Details

Reviewed by: Dr. Mahesh Ghule
Second Review by: Dr. Sushan Chowhan
Final Approval by: Dr. Surendra Singh Bargali

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Abstract:

Detecting plant diseases is a crucial component of precision agriculture, necessary for maintaining economic viability, sustainable farming practices, food security, and preventing economic losses. Deep learning models such as Capsule Attention Networks, DenseNets, and Convolutional Neural Networks have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in leaf-image-based disease classification. However, large-scale practical implementation in resource-constrained environments remains challenging due to overfitting, environmental insensitivity, extended training times, and high computational cost, along with the absence of a sustainable framework for real-world deployment. Emerging quantum neural networks (QNNs), integrated with quantum-influenced optimization algorithms, offer promising avenues to enhance practical applicability. Their capabilities for high-dimensional feature mapping, entanglement, and superposition improve generalization and convergence in hybrid models that combine quantum layers with classical architectures. Incorporating quantum modules into DenseNets, attention mechanisms, capsule networks, and other hybrid systems may further enhance accuracy, enable robust disease segmentation, and reduce training time. Nonetheless, challenges remain regarding real-time deployment on edge devices, efficient data encoding, limited explainability of quantum-driven features, and hardware constraints. This survey reviews classical, hybrid, and quantum-enhanced approaches, provides comparative insights, and identifies research gaps toward developing scalable, interpretable, and dependable frameworks for plant disease detection and diagnosis.

Keywords:

Deep Learning; Dense Net; Hybrid Optimization Techniques; Plant disease

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