Multivariate Analysis for Yield and Yield Attributes in Sesame Germplasm (Sesamum indicum L.)

Mahalingam Angamuthu^1*, Raghul Subramaniyan², Thalapathiraja Tamilmathi¹, Kasirajan Subrahmaniyan³ and Gayathri Pandurangan⁴

¹Regional Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Vriddhachalam, Tamil Nadu, India

² Plant Variety Examination Research Associate (PVERA), Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Authority , New Delhi, India

³Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Aduthurai, Tamil Nadu, India

⁴Adhiparasakthi Agricultural college, Kalavai, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

Corresponding Author E-mail:mahalingam.a@tnau.ac.in

DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CARJ.13.3.9

Article Publishing History

Received: 01 Sep 2025
Accepted: 19 Dec 2025
Published Online: 07 Jan 2026

Review Details

Reviewed by: Dr. Kannan Warrier
Second Review by: Dr. Andi Sadapotto
Final Approval by: Dr. Torit Baran Bagchi

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Abstract:

Sesame is one of the important oilseed crops grown in India. Sesame is one of the oldest crops known to mankind because of its nutritious nature. The aim of the study is to determine the most diverse genotypes and important traits influencing sesame seed yield for the crop improvement. Hence, 57 sesame germplasm accessions were used to understand the variation and association among them based on the results of cluster analysis, correlation and principal component analysis (PCA). Cluster analysis showed that, all the 57 accessions were grouped into six clusters among which cluster I had more number of genotypes followed by cluster II and cluster IV. The correlation analysis, showed that single plant yield was positively correlated to days to first flowering and days to 50% flowering. The trait number of capsules per plant had positive correlation with plant height and number of branches per plant. The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that traits plant height, days to 1^st flowering, number of branches per plant and days to 50% flowering are the major principal component traits contributing to the 40 % of total variation among the cumulative variation of 77% from the yield contributing traits. Thus, overall multivariate analysis results reveals that the trait number of capsules per plant, capsule length and number of seeds per capsule were the major trait contributing to the seed yield in sesame. Thus, selection of heterotic parents would be highly useful in sesame hybridization programme.

Keywords:

Correlation; Cluster; Principal component analysis; Sesame germplasm; Yield attributes

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